Intangiriro
Kurenza urugero ku buryo butemewe no gutwara amakamyo ntibisenya umuhanda munini n'ibiraro gusa, ahubwo binatera impanuka zo mu muhanda kandi byangiza ubuzima bw'abantu n'umutungo.Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, impanuka zirenga 80% z’impanuka zo mu muhanda ziterwa namakamyo zifitanye isano n’ubwikorezi bukabije kandi burenze urugero.
Uburyo busanzwe bwo kugenzura no gutwara abantu burenze urugero bufite uburyo buke bwo kubahiriza amategeko, bikaba byoroshye gutera ikibazo cyo kutagira ibinyabiziga birenze urugero, kandi uburyo bwo kugenzura aho butaziguye bushingiye kuri sisitemu yo gupima no gupima kugirango ihite ibona, kumenya no kwerekana ibinyabiziga bitambuka amasaha yose, kugirango bigerweho neza kandi neza kugenzura ibinyabiziga birengeje urugero.Mu rwego rwo gushimangira imiyoborere y’imyitwarire itwara abantu baremerewe, kurinda umutekano w’ibikorwa by’imihanda n’ubuzima bw’abantu n’umutungo, gahunda yo kubahiriza amategeko y’imihanda yatejwe imbere buhoro buhoro kandi ishyirwa mu bikorwa mu muhanda, kandi kugenzura imihanda minini byageze ku buryo butangaje. ibisubizo, hamwe no kugenzura igipimo cy’imihanda minini cyagenzuwe muri 0.5%, kandi kurenga no gutwarwa mu buryo butemewe n’imihanda isanzwe nabyo byahagaritswe neza.
Urwego rwa sisitemu yo kubahiriza mu buryo butaziguye
1. Imikorere n'imikorere ya sisitemu y'imiyoborere
Uburyo butaziguye bwerekana uburyo bwo kubona amakuru yihuse nkuburemere bwibinyabiziga binyura mu bikoresho byihuta byihuta kandi byukuri, kugirango hamenyekane niba ibinyabiziga bitwara imizigo biremereye kandi bitwarwa, kandi bishingiye ku buhanga n’ikoranabuhanga kuri shaka ibimenyetso, kandi ubimenyeshe kandi ubikemure nyuma.
Sisitemu yamakuru yo gucunga imiyoboro yigihugu yateguwe kandi yubatswe na minisiteri ishinzwe gutwara abantu n'ibintu, kandi amakuru ya sisitemu yintara arahuzwa kandi arasangirwa, atanga inkunga yo guhuza ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi hagati ya minisiteri n’intara, kandi bikagenzura neza imiyoborere y’igihugu n’imiyoborere myiza; akazi;Umushinga wo ku rwego rw'Intara uzategurwa kandi wubatswe n’ishami rishinzwe gutwara abantu n’intara (akarere kigenga, amakomine) kugira ngo hamenyekane imirimo y’imicungire y’ubucuruzi na serivisi mu bubasha, gushyigikira urwego rw’intara, urw'amakomine n'intara gukora imirimo y'ubugenzuzi, kandi uhuze na sisitemu yo murwego rwa minisiteri.
Dufashe urugero rwa Zhejiang, gahunda y’imiyoborere ihuriweho nintara ifata imiterere yinzego enye nubuyobozi bwinzego eshatu kuva hejuru kugeza hasi, aribyo bikurikira:
1) Ihuriro ry'imiyoborere y'intara
Ifite uruhare rwibikorwa bitandatu byingenzi muri gahunda y’imiyoborere ihuriweho n’intara, aribyo: urubuga rw’ibanze rw’ibanze, urubuga rwo guhanahana amakuru, urubuga rw’ibihano by’ubuyobozi, urubuga rw’imanza zifasha mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko, urubuga rwo gusuzuma no gusuzuma no gusesengura imibare no kwerekana.Ihuze numuyoboro wa leta wintara kugirango ubone amakuru yikibazo, ububiko bwubushake, nububiko bwabakozi bashinzwe kubahiriza amategeko, hanyuma utange amakuru yerekeye ibihano byubuyobozi mugihe gikwiye;Docking hamwe na sisitemu ya polisi yo mu muhanda kugirango ubone amakuru yimodoka zitwara imizigo hamwe namakuru y abashoferi, kopi yamakuru atwara abantu atemewe;Docking hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga ubwikorezi kugirango ubone amakuru ku bigo bitwara abantu, ibinyabiziga bitwara ibicuruzwa, nibindi, no gukoporora amakuru atwara abantu atemewe;Inyandiko ihuriweho hamwe namakuru yibanze na blacklist / gucunga uruhushya rwa sitasiyo yimiyoborere;Menya icyemezo cyabafasha cyigihano kimwe cyurugendo rumwe rwubwikorezi bunini;Gusuzuma no gusuzuma imikorere ya sitasiyo ikurikirana intara n'imikorere y'ubucuruzi bugenzura;Binyuze mu mibare no gusesengura amakuru, hasuzumwa politiki y’imiyoborere n’imiyoborere myiza y’intara, kandi inkunga itangwa mu rwego rwo gushyiraho politiki;Tanga ubufasha bujyanye n’amategeko n’amabwiriza agenga umurimo w’imiyoborere mu nzego zose, kandi ushyireho amakuru y’ubucuruzi ku rwego rw’intara, amakomine, n’intara.
2) Imiyoborere yo mu rwego rwa perefegitura super module
Ashinzwe gucunga neza amakuru yubucuruzi yibanze mu bubasha, gusesengura imibare yamakuru arenze urugero, kugenzura kubahiriza amategeko yumujyi waho, gusubiramo imiyoborere yubuyobozi, kohereza ubucuruzi, kugenzura no gusuzuma umujyi waho.
3) Ubuyobozi bw'uturere n'intara super module
Kwakira no kubika amakuru yimbuga zinyuranye zerekana ibintu hamwe nibikoresho biri mububasha (harimo ubwoko bwose bwamakuru arenze urugero, amashusho na videwo).Kusanya / gusubiramo / kwemeza amakuru arenze amategeko atemewe muri kariya gace, kubika dosiye, hamwe n'imibare ijyanye, gusesengura no kwerekana mu karere no mu ntara.
4) Sitasiyo yubugenzuzi butaziguye
Binyuze mu gupima imbaraga no gufata ibikoresho byubucamanza byashyizwe kumuhanda, uburemere, icyapa nandi makuru ajyanye namakamyo arengana araboneka.
2. Ibigize n'imikorere ya sisitemu yo kubahiriza
Ibikoresho byo murwego rwa sisitemu yubahirizwa itaziguye (reba Ishusho 1) ikubiyemo cyane cyane ibikoresho byo gupima no gutahura byikora, ibikoresho byo gufata no kumenyekanisha ibinyabiziga, ibikoresho byo kumenyesha imyitwarire itemewe, ibikoresho byo kureba amashusho, nibindi.
1) Ibikoresho bipima: harimo ibyuma bipima, ibyuma bipima (mudasobwa zo mu nganda), abagabura imodoka, nibindi, bigomba kugenzurwa ninzego zibishinzwe zujuje ibyangombwa, kandi ibisubizo byo gupima birashobora gukoreshwa nkishingiro ryibihano.
2) Kumenyekanisha cyane no gufata ibikoresho: bikoreshwa mugukusanya amashusho yimodoka, harimo ibyapa, imiterere yumubiri, nimero ya plaque namabara ashobora kumenya ibinyabiziga.
3) Ibikoresho byo kugenzura amashusho: gukoresha ibikoresho byo kugenzura amashusho kugirango ubone inzira yibikoresho byapimwe byapimwe byikamyo, kandi amakuru yo gukurikirana yabonetse nibikoresho byo kugenzura amashusho arashobora gukoreshwa nkibimenyetso.
4) Ibikoresho byo gusohora amakuru: binyuze mumwanya uhindagurika wamakuru, ibinyabiziga byageragejwe kandi birenze birashobora gutangwa mugihe nyacyo kugirango birengagize itangazo, kandi biyobore umushoferi wamakamyo ahantu hapakururirwa hafi yo gupakurura.
Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gutahura neza
Guhitamo urubuga
Mu rwego rwo kunoza imikorere y’ubukorikori burenze, hagomba gutoranywa sitasiyo y’ubugenzuzi bukurikiza ihame rya "igenamigambi rusange n’imiterere ihuriweho", kandi hagomba gushyirwa imbere imihanda ifite ibimenyetso bikurikira:
1) Amakamyo yarenze cyane cyangwa amakamyo agomba kunyura mumuhanda;
2) imihanda ihujwe n'ibiraro by'ingenzi birinzwe;
3) Imipaka yintara, imbago za komine nizindi nzego zubutegetsi umuhanda uhuza;
4) Imihanda yo mucyaro yoroshye kubinyabiziga bigenda.
2. Gupima ibikoresho
2.1.Umunzani w'amakamyo afite imbaraga
Igipimo cyikamyo ifite imbaraga nigikoresho cyapima cyikora gikoreshwa mugupima uburemere burebure (uburemere bukabije), umutwaro wumutwe, hamwe nitsinda ryumutwe iyo ikinyabiziga kirenganye, kandi gifite umutwaro cyane
Igikoresho, igice cyo gutunganya amakuru hamwe nigikoresho cyo kwerekana cyarakozwe, aho igice cyo gutunganya amakuru gisanzwe cyakozwe muburyo bwabaminisitiri.Ukurikije abatwara ibintu bitandukanye, umunzani wikamyo ufite imbaraga urashobora kugabanywa mubwoko bwimodoka, ubwoko bwimitwaro yimitwaro, ubwoko bubiri bwa platform, ubwoko bwitsinda ryubwoko, uburyo bwinshi bwo guhuza ubwoko, hamwe nubwoko bwa plaque burashobora kandi gufatwa nkicyiciro cyubwoko bwitsinda.Ihame ryakazi ryubwikorezi nugupima ibimenyetso byamashanyarazi mugihe uyitwaye yikoreye ipine, hanyuma akayihindura mubwinshi bwikinyabiziga binyuze muri amplification no gutunganya ibimenyetso, bishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: ubwoko bwa gauge na kristal Ubwoko.
Kugira ngo huzuzwe ibisabwa kugira ngo hamenyekane neza, hagomba gutorwa igipimo gikwiye cy’amakamyo akurikije imiterere y’umuhanda, kandi hagomba gushishikarizwa gukoresha ibikoresho bishya bipima ibikoresho bifite uburemere buke, bidahenze kandi bijyanye n’ibipimo. amakamyo ashobora gutonda umurongo akanyuzwa ahantu hadahagarara gupima gupima birashobora gutandukana neza.
2.2.Kohereza ibikoresho byo hanze
Igishushanyo cya 2 nigishushanyo mbonera cyibikorwa bya sitasiyo itaziguye, kandi Imbonerahamwe 1 nigikorwa gikenewe cyibikoresho nyamukuru.Iyo ingingo yo gutahura itaziguye ishyizwe kumuhanda umwe wa kaburimbo, igipimo cyamakamyo kigomba gushyirwaho kumihanda yose, kandi niba igice cyose kidashobora gushyirwaho bitewe nibihe, ibikoresho byo kwigunga nkibibi- inzira yo gutwara no kugenderaho igomba kongerwaho kugirango wirinde ibinyabiziga birinda gupima.
Igishushanyo 2. Igishushanyo gisanzwe cya sitasiyo ishinzwe
Imbonerahamwe 1.Ibikoresho by'ibikoresho bikenewe
| Izina ryigikoresho | Ibyingenzi byingenzi bisabwa: | |
| 1 | Umunzani w'ikamyo ifite imbaraga | Irashobora guhita itahura igihe, umubare wimitambiko, umuvuduko, umutwaro umwe wa axle umutwaro, uburemere bwibinyabiziga n'imizigo, ibiziga hamwe nandi makuru yikinyabiziga;Irashobora gutandukanya neza uburyo bwo gutonda umurongo binyuze mumodoka itwara imizigo;Irashobora guhangana nuburyo budasanzwe bwo gutwara ibinyabiziga bitwara imizigo nko guhindura inzira no guca umuvuduko;Irashobora kohereza ikamyo yimbere-irenga amakuru kuri sisitemu yo kuyobora mugihe nyacyo;Irashobora guhura nikirere kidahagarara-ikirere gikomeza akazi muri leta itagenzuwe;Igomba kugira amakosa yo kwipimisha |
| 2 | Kumenyekanisha ibyapa no gufata ibikoresho | igomba kuba ifite itara ryuzuye cyangwa itara ryaka;Irashobora gufata neza nimero ya plaque, ifite iboneza byo kurengera ibidukikije, kandi birasabwa gukoresha itara ryuzuye-itatu-imwe kugirango wirinde umwanda;Ubushobozi bwo gufata amashusho ya plaque yimodoka itwara ibintu muburyo bwa JPG;Igomba kuba ishobora gufata ishusho 1 isobanura neza imbere, kandi ukurikije amakuru yishusho, igomba kuba ishobora gutandukanya neza icyapa cyerekana ibyapa byikinyabiziga, imbere na cab, nibara ryimbere. y'imodoka;Ibikoresho biranga ibinyabiziga no gufata ibikoresho bigomba kuba bishobora gufata ishusho yikinyabiziga kinyura ahantu hadahagarara gupima gupima kuva impande nyinshi kuruhande no murizo, kandi bigomba kuba bishobora gutandukanya neza umubare wimitambiko yimodoka itwara imizigo, ibara ryumubiri, nuburyo bwibanze bwibicuruzwa bitwarwa ukurikije amakuru yishusho;Kumenyekanisha ibinyabiziga no gufata ibikoresho bigomba kugira imikorere yo kugenzura amakosa;Igikoresho kidasanzwe cyo gufata ibikoresho gishyigikira imikorere yo gutahura ibinyabiziga bidasanzwe byambukiranya umurongo. |
| 3 | Ibikoresho byo kugenzura amashusho | Amashusho yubucamanza agomba kuba byibura miliyoni 2 pigiseli kandi agomba kuba adafite ibimenyetso. |
| 4 | Ibikoresho byo gutangaza amakuru | Igomba kuba ishobora gusohora ibinyabiziga birenze urugero kubushoferi bwikinyabiziga kirengeje igihe nyacyo, kandi igomba kuba ishobora guhinduranya inyandiko, kuzunguruka nubundi buryo bwo kwerekana. |
Mugihe hagaragaye ikinyabiziga gikekwa ko kiremerewe, icyapa cyerekanwa kizerekanwa hifashishijwe ikibaho cyamakuru ahinduka kandi imodoka ikoherezwa kuri bariyeri iremereye cyane kugirango itunganyirizwe.Intera yo gushiraho hagati yamakuru yamakuru nubunini bwikamyo ifite imbaraga bigomba kuba byujuje ibyerekezo byerekanwa ryikinyabiziga, kandi birasabwa guhitamo ubwoko bwamakuru bwamakuru ahinduka no gushyiraho intera ukurikije uko umuhanda umeze;Iyo intera iri hagati yikibaho cyamakuru nubunini bwikamyo ifite imbaraga zujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa kugirango umushoferi agaragare bitewe nuburyo bwo guhuza umuhanda, birasabwa kugabanya umuvuduko wo gutwara ikamyo cyangwa guhindura inguni yamakuru yamakuru ya LED kugirango utezimbere igihe cyo kugaragara.
3. Gutegura ingamba zo kugabanya amakosa yo gupima
Ukurikije ibisabwa kugabanywa kurenza urugero mubipimo byibihano, mugihe umuvuduko wo kwiruka wa 1 ~ 80km / h, uburemere bwikinyabiziga n'imizigo muburemere bwa dinamike bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa kurwego rwa 10, kandi ijanisha ryagaciro nyako ryumvikanyweho uburemere bwibinyabiziga byose ntibirenza ikosa ryubugenzuzi bwa mbere nubugenzuzi bwakurikiyeho
± 5.00%, kandi ikosa ryikizamini mukoresha ntirenza ± 10.0%.
Kugirango ugabanye amakosa yatewe nimpamvu za pavement zipima, kaburimbo muri kariya gace igira ingaruka ku gupima mbere na nyuma yo gupima ibikoresho kuri sitasiyo itaziguye igomba kuba yujuje ibi bikurikira:
1) Umusozi muremure ntugomba kurenga 2%, naho ahahanamye kumuhanda ntagomba kurenza 2%;
2) iyo kuri kaburimbo ya sima, guhuza deformasiyo, inkoni ya karuvati hamwe nuwuzuza byateguwe hagati ya beto ya sima yinyuma na kaburimbo isanzwe;
3) Iyo kuri kaburimbo ya asifalt, inzibacyuho igenda ihinduka hagati ya sima ya beto yinyuma ninyuma ya asfalt isanzwe.Sitasiyo ishinzwe kuyobora
ingingo zo guhitamo zigomba kwirinda gushyirwaho mubice bikurikira:
1) Igice cyumuhanda muri 200m uvuye kurwego rwurwego;
2) umubare wumuhanda uhinduka mugice cyumuhanda;
3) kurenga (aerodynamic influence) no kwegera ikiraro (uburinganire bubi);
4) ibice byikiraro cyangwa izindi nyubako zizagira ingaruka zikomeye kubinyabiziga;
5) Ibice munsi ya radiyo yohereza cyangwa hafi yayo hamwe na gari ya moshi munsi yumurongo wamashanyarazi.
Byongeye kandi, kugirango ugabanye amakosa yo gupima yatewe nimyitwarire yo gutwara ibinyabiziga, hagomba gufatwa ingamba zikurikira mugice cyo gupima:
1) Iyo inzira yo gutwara ibinyabiziga ari inzira nyinshi, umurongo ugabanya umuhanda ufata umurongo uhamye, kandi ibinyabiziga birabujijwe guhindura inzira;
2) Iyo guhuza igice cyumuhanda ari byiza kandi byoroshye kwihuta, shiraho icyapa ntarengwa cyikamyo imbere yikibanza cyo gupima;
3) Mu rwego rwo guhashya imyitwarire yo gutwara ibinyabiziga yirinda nkana ibihano nko guhagarika ibyapa, gutwara ibinyabiziga mu cyerekezo kibi, no gutonda umurongo no kudoda, ibikoresho byo gufata no kubiranga bitemewe.
Umwanzuro
Mu ncamake, imiterere y’ahantu hamenyekana hagomba kugenwa byimazeyo nyuma yo gusuzuma byimazeyo umuyoboro w’imihanda wo mu karere, imiterere y’imihanda n’ibidukikije, kandi igishushanyo mbonera cyo kugabanya amakosa kigomba gukorwa hakurikijwe imiterere y’imihanda yaho igenewe kugabanya amakosa mubikorwa no kubungabunga.Kugirango ugabanye ikiguzi cyubwubatsi-buringaniye, usibye igenamigambi rusange no guhitamo neza ingingo zerekana, birakenewe kandi gusobanura ubuyobozi bushinzwe imiyoborere, guhuza imiyoborere kuva mumashami menshi, no guharanira kugabanya imitwaro irenze imyitwarire iva isoko.
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Ibiro bya Chengdu: No 2004, Igice cya 1, Inyubako 2, No 158, Umuhanda wa 4 wa Tianfu, Zone-tekinoroji, Chengdu
Ibiro bya Hong Kong: 8F, Inyubako ya Cheung Wang, Umuhanda wa San Wui 251, Hong Kong
Uruganda: Inyubako 36, Zinjialin Zone Yinganda, Umujyi wa Mianyang, Intara ya Sichuan
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-09-2024